Abstract: Objective　To explore the etiology, clinical manifestation, imaging and outcome of preterm and term infants with cerebral infarction. Methods　Medical records of the newborn in our hospital during January 1st, 2013 to January 31th, 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Meanwhile, differences of clinical features, imaging and outcome of neonatal cerebral infarction between preterm and term infants were compared. Results　Among 19 infants with cerebral infarction, 8 cases were term infants, and 11 were preterm infants. All of term infants were with ischemic cerebral infarction (8/8), while preterm infants are mostly affected with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction (8/11). The ischemic infarction is frequently found in the middle cerebral artery (9/11, 81.8%), and the hemorrhagic cerebral infarction often occurred in the cerebral ventricular venous infarction for prematuem infants (8/8, 100%). Causes include vascular dysplasia (6), perinatal hypoxia (6), severe infection (3), congenital lack of clotting factors (2), multiple causes participation (5) and unknown etiology (4). There was no significant difference between the preterm group and term group in perinatal risk factor analysis. The cerebral infarction of the term infants mostly manifested convulsion (6/8) within 4 days after birth. There was no specificity in the onset of preterm infants, 2 cases were characterized by convulsions, and the remaining had no specific clinical manifestations, (9/11) occurred within 7 days after birth. Among the 19 cases, 12 patients were in remission and then discharged from the hospital, while 7 cases didn’t receive the treatment as their parents gave up the treatment, 5 of them died shortly. Conclusions　Neonatal cerebral infarction may both occur in full term and preterm infants, but their clinical manifestations are different. In particular, preterm infants do not have any specific clinical manifestations that require imaging examination to confirm diagnosis. The clinical complications are usually severe with large scope of infarction and poor prognosis.

Key words: 　preterm infants;　term infants;　cerebral infarction;　clinical analysis