Abstract: 　Objective　To explore the value of flexible bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of recurrence of tracheoesophageal fistula after esophageal atresia repair. Methods　The clinical data of recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula after esophageal atresia repair in 5 children from August 2017 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Results　Among the 5 patients (3 males boys and 2 females), the age at treatment was from 2 to 13 months and the median age was 9 months. All the 5 children were found under flexible bronchoscope to have a fistula at the end of the trachea. Recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula in the trachea membrane were confirmed by blue liquid exuded from the trachea membrane fistula after perfusion of methylene blue by the gastric tube and subsequently surgery. No complications occurred during or after surgery. Conclusion　Flexible bronchoscopy is of great significance in the diagnosis of tracheoesophageal fistula after esophageal atresia repair. Especially when it is in combination with methylene blue perfusion through gastric tube, the diagnosis rate can be improved.

Key words: 　esophageal atresia;　tracheoesophageal fistula;　child