Abstract: Cow’s milk protein allergy is a common type of food allergy in children. 90% of children with milk protein allergy can achieve spontaneous tolerance within 3 years of age, with a good prognosis. But milk protein allergy persists in a small number of children. As a result of accidental exposure to milk or dairy products, the children have repeated allergic reactions and even life-threatening situations, affecting the growth of children and mental health. In addition to milk protein avoidance and alternative formula feeding, oral immunotherapy has been clinically proven to be effective in helping desensitization. However, there is no standard treatment regimen, and its safety and long-term efficacy limit its clinical application. This article reviews the process, mechanism, optimization scheme and related contents of oral immunotherapy of milk protein

Key words: cow’s milk protein allergy;　food allergy;　oral immunotherapy;　omalizumab;　oligosaccharide