Abstract: 　Objective　To analyze the association of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human bocavirus (hBoV) infection with wheezing diseases in children under 5 years old. Methods The virus detection results and clinical data of 627 children under 5 years old due to wheezing from January 2010 to January 2013 were retrospectively analyzed whose initial throat swab PCR assay was positive for virus. Results Of 286 specimens, 173 (27.59%) were positive for RSV, 70 (11.16%) and 43 (6.86%) were positive for hMPV and hBoV, respectively. Our data showed RSV was prevalent mainly during spring and winter, while hMPV and hBoV mainly in spring and in summer, respectively. The virus distribution was significantly different by age, clinical diagnosis and wheezing severity, respectively (P<0.001). The positive rate of RSV was highest in children less than 6 months old, with bronchiolitis or moderate wheezing. Infection of hMPV was common in children aged 1-3 years old, with asthematoid bronchopneumonia or mild-to-moderate wheezing. The detection rate of hBoV had no relationship with age, clinical diagnosis and wheezing severity. Conclusions RSV is the most common virus which induces early infant wheezing and capillary bronchitis. hMPV and hBoV are common viruses for inducing childhood wheezing.