Abstract: Objective　To analyze the clinical characteristics of asthma with protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) in children. Methods　The clinical data of asthma with PBB in children diagnosed from January 2016 to December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Results　In 3 children (2 girls and 1 boy) aged 7-8 years with asthma, recurrent cough, sputum production and wheeze were presented for 1 year, 2 months and 1 month, respectively during regular use of inhaled glucocorticoids and they were misdiagnosed with uncontrolled asthma. Case 1 received an increased dose of inhaled glucocorticoid and systemic hormone, and Case 2 and Case 3 were treated with long-acting bronchodilators, and the clinical symptoms of all children were not relieved. Bronchoscopy showed PBB in all 3 children, and case 1 was combined with sinusitis and case 3 was combined with allergic rhinitis and adenoid hypertrophy. Cases 1 and 3 were treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate for 2 weeks combined with inhaled glucocorticoid and intranasal hormone; Cases 2 was treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate and inhaled glucocorticoid for 4 weeks, and all of them were cured. Conclusions　When children with asthma have cough, sputum production and wheezing for more than 4 weeks during regular medication, if they meanwhile have poor response to inhaled glucocorticoids and beta 2-receptor agonists, PBB should be suspected and ruled out.

Key words: asthma;　protracted bacterial bronchitis;　inhaled glucocorticoid;　child