儿童呼吸道博卡病毒感染流行特征分析：一项单中心回顾性研究

doi:10.12372/jcp.2025.24e0584

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human bocavirus (HBoV) in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infections, and to provide evidence for the diagnosis and prevention of acute respiratory infection in children. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the etiological test data of sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from children hospitalized due to acute respiratory tract infections in a hospital in Shijiazhuang from March 2021 to February 2024. Detection was carried out using a multiplex detection kit for 13 respiratory pathogens. The epidemiological characteristics of HBoV, including population distribution and seasonal distribution, were described and analyzed. Results The total detection rate of HBoV was 3.73% (1315/35220), with a higher detection rate in male (3.91%) than in female (3.49%) (χ²=4.08, P<0.05). The detection rate is highest in the 1- <3 years old group (9.25%, 722/7805), followed by the 3- <6 years old group (3.42%, 362/10585). There was a statistically significant difference in detection rates among different age groups (χ²=989.15, P<0 001). The detection rate of HBoV varied in different years. The highest detection rate was in 2021 - 2022 (5.20%, 443/8519), and the lowest was in 2022 - 2023 (2.22%, 204/9195), with a statistically significant difference (χ²=110.02, P<0.001). During the study period, the highest detection rate was 8.56% (823/9610) in summer, followed by 3.15% (276/8773) in autumn. And there was a statistically significant difference detection rates among different seasons(χ²=939.36, P<0.001). Among the patients with HBoV infection detected, 557 cases had no other pathogens detected, while 758 cases were co-infected with at least one other pathogenic microorganism. Conclusions HBoV is a common pathogen of acute respiratory infections in children in Shijiazhuang. It is more common in children aged 1- <3 in summer and autumn, with more males than females. It is often co-detected with other respiratory pathogens.

Key words: acute respiratory tract infection, human bocavirus, epidemiology, children

ZHAI Yu, DUAN Suxia, JIA Fanping, JIA Yongping, ZHANG Jingjing, GUO Yinghui. Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of respiratory tract Boca virus infection in children: a single-center retrospective study[J].Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, 2025, 43(3): 184-190.

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References 30

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组别	例数	单一检出			混合检出			合计
组别	例数	阳性例数	χ²值	P	阳性例数	χ²值	P	阳性例数	χ²值	P
性别男		334(1.63)	0.77	0.379	466(2.28)	3.55	0.060	800(3.91)	4.08	0.043
年龄
<1岁	7 979	89(1.12)	429.44	<0.001	119(1.49)	543.17	<0.001	208(2.61)	989.15	<0.001
1~<3岁	7 805	313(4.01)			409(5.24)			722(9.25)
3~<6岁	10 585	143(1.35)			219(2.07)			362(3.42)
6~14岁	8 851	12(0.14)			11(0.12)			23(0.26)

季节	2021—2022年		2022—2023年		2023—2024年		合计
季节	例数	阳性数	例数	阳性数	例数	阳性数	例数	阳性数
春	1 626	74(4.55)	2 333	22(0.94)	3 450	61(1.77)	7 409	157(2.12)
夏	2 459	306(12.44)	3 322	93(2.80)	3 829	424(11.07)	9 610	823(8.56)
秋	1 801	41(2.28)	2 284	78(3.42)	4 688	157(3.35)	8 773	276(3.15)
冬	2 633	22(0.84)	1 256	11(0.88)	5 539	26(0.47)	9 428	59(0.63)
合计	8 519	443(5.20)	9 195	204(2.22)	17 506	668(3.82)	35 220	1315(3.73)

疾病	合计	2021—2022年	2022—2023年	2023—2024年	χ²值	P
支气管炎	623(47.38)	311(70.20)	107(52.45)	205(30.69)	169.31	<0.001
肺炎	522(39.70)	48(10.84)	68(33.33)	406(60.78)	281.62	<0.001
重症肺炎	101(7.68)	48(10.84)	15(7.35)	38(5.69)	9.99	0.007
急性上呼吸道感染	56(4.26)	29(6.55)	11(5.39)	16(2.40)	12.02	0.002
急性毛细支气管炎	13(0.99)	7(1.58)	3(1.47)	3(0.45)	4.05	0.132

HBoV合并一种病原体检出	例数	HBoV合并两种病原体检出	例数	HBoV合并三种病原体检出	例数
HBoV+HRV	262	HBoV+HRV+HPIV	43	HBoV+HRV+Mp+HPIV	4
HBoV+HPIV	105	HBoV+HRV+HAdV	18	HBoV+HRV+HPIV+HCoV	3
HBoV+RSV	81	HBoV+HRV+Mp	15	HBoV+HRV+HPIV+HMPV	3
HBoV+Mp	38	HBoV+HRV+RSV	15	HBoV+HRV+Mp+HMPV	2
HBoV+HAdV	31	HBoV+HRV+HMPV	13	HBoV+HRV+Mp+RSV	1
HBoV+HMPV	27	HBoV+Mp+HPIV	12	HBoV+HRV+Mp+HAdV	1
HBoV+HCoV	19	HBoV+HRV+HCoV	8	HBoV+HRV+RSV+HMPV	1
HBoV+FluB	4	HBoV+HPIV+HAdV	7	HBoV+Mp+HPIV+HCoV	1
HBoV+H3N2	4	HBoV+Mp+HMPV	4	HBoV+Mp+HPIV+HMPV	1
HBoV+Ch	1	HBoV+HPIV+HCoV	4	HBoV+Mp+HPIV+HAdV	1
		HBoV+HPIV+RSV	4	HBoV+Mp+HMPV+HCoV	1
		HBoV+RSV+HMPV	4	HBoV+Mp+H3N2+HAdV	1
		HBoV+HPIV+HMPV	3	HBoV+HPIV+HCoV+RSV	1
		HBoV+RSV+HAdV	3	HBoV+HPIV+H3N2+HMPV	1
		HBoV+HRV+FluB	2	HBoV+HPIV+HAdV+HMPV	1
		HBoV+Mp+RSV	2
		HBoV+HCoV+RSV	2
		HBoV+Mp+HCoV	1
		HBoV+Mp+H3N2	1
		HBoV+Mp+HAdV	1
		HBoV+HMPV+HAdV	1

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of respiratory tract Boca virus infection in children: a single-center retrospective study

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