Abstract: Objective　To explore the effect, indication of reduction or discontinuation and side-effects of desmopressin acetate (DA) in treating primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis PMNE in children. Methods　Total 151 PMNE patients aged 5-14 years were recruited. According to convenience sampling method, the patients were divided into DA group (n=91) and control group (n=60). Both groups were treated by behavioral psychotherapy, DA group were further treated by DA. In DA group, the patients who could reduction or discontinuation of DA were divided into gradually withdrawn group (n=32) and directly withdraw group (n=28). The gradually withdrawn group was withdrawn the DA doses step by step in 3 months, and the directly withdrawn group was withdraw the DA doses at once. The recurrence of nocturnal enuresis was recorded within 1 month  after DA withdrawal. Results　In DA group, 91 patients, 61 patients (66.7%) treatment was effective, 21 patients (22.8%) was partial effective. In control group, 60 patients, 5 patients (7.9%) treatment was effective, 17 patients (28.3%) was partial effective. The effective rate was significantly different between two groups (χ2=75.64, P=0.00). In the effective and partial effective patients, 32 cases underwent gradually DA withdrawal, 28 cases underwent directly withdrawal. 17 cases (54.8%) in gradually withdraw group and 24 cases (87.5%) in direct withdraw group were relapsed. The recurrence rate was significantly different between two groups (χ2=7.329, P=0.007). Conclusions　 DA is a safe and effective way to treat PMNE. Gradually withdrawn the DA can decrease the recurrence.