Abstract: Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common metabolic problem. Regardless of gestational age and birth age, when a blood glucose level <2.2 mmol/L, the diagnoses of neonatal hypoglycemia should be confirmed. when the blood glucose <2.6 mmol/L, the clinical intervention and treatment should be performed. Maintaining glucose homeostasis is an important physiological events during fetal-to-neonatal transition. The transient hypoglycemia are common in this period. However, the persistent or recurrent hypoglycemia may cause acute systemic reactions, affect long-term nervous system development, even lead to permanent brain damage. This paper based on explicit the definition, etiology, classification to discuss the recent advances in management of neonatal hypoglycemia, in order to improve the accuracy of neonatal hypoglycemia diagnosis and to achieve the goal of early prevention, prompt treatment, and reducing the adverse effects of neonatal hypoglycemia.