Abstract:  Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in the treatment of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Method The clinical data of 55 children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia were retrospectively analyzed during February 2015 to February 2016. Results Among those 55 children, 30 cases who received the treatment of bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage were assigned to treatment group, and the other 25 cases were assigned to control group. 17 children in treatment group and 13 children in control group had lung lamellar shadow. After treatment, the improvement rates were 100% and 69.2% in treatment group and control group, respectively. There was significant difference between two groups (P=0.026). The total effective rate in treatment group was 96.7%, which was significantly higher than that of control group (64.0%) (P=0.006). The length of hospital stay were significantly shorter and average treatment fee were significantly lower in treatment group than those in control group (P<0.01). There were no severe adverse reactions in treatment group. Conclusion The effects of fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage with local application of drug were remarkable in the treatment of refractory mycoplasma pneumonia, and there were no severe adverse reactions.