Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)- associated cortical encephalitis. Methods The clinical data of a children with MOG seropositive cortical encephalitis were analyzed, “MOG” and “encephalitis” were used as keywords to retrieve and review the relevant cases reported in the past 10 years for analysis. Combined with 34 patients in the retrieved literature to summerize the clinical characteristics of antiMOG-associated cortical encephalitis. Results A 10 -year-old female patient mainly presented with epileptic seizures (focal seizures); brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed frontal and parietal cortex involvement; the clinical symptoms and brain MRI changes disappeared after antiepileptic drug and glucocorticoid treatment. Conclusion For patients with epilepsy, fever, cortical syndrome and cortical damage by brain MRI, attention should be paid to screen MOG antibody