Abstract: 　According to WHO, breastfeeding is the best for premature babies. Breastfeeding are beneficial for health of both mothers and their premature infatns and as well as reduction of medical and health expenditure. However, the breastfeeding rate in premature infants is still unsatisfactory so far, especially in those premature infants admitted to NICU in the early life. This article review promoting and hindering factors of breastfeeding in hospitalized premature infants from the following aspects: the characteristics of premature infants, the demographic and sociological characteristics, knowledge, beliefs, and psychological status of mothers, hospital policies and support, and family support.