Abstract: 　Objectives　To explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of different degrees of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium (NVM) in children and to investigate the clinical significance of the ratio of the thickness of the noncompact myocardium to the dense myocardium (N/C). Methods　The clinical data of the children with NVM were analyzed retrospectively. The differences between children with N/C > 2.0 and children with N/C 1.4~2.0 were compared. Results　There were 26 children in each of the two groups. There was no significant difference in age, sex, the ratios of low birth weight and malnutrition, heart disease, and complication (P all > 0.05). When discharged, 8 cases were improved, 15 cases has no obvious improvement, and 3 cases died in N/C>2.0 group; while 18 cases were improved, 8 cases has no obvious improvement, and none died in N/C 1.4~2.0 group, and the effective rate of treatment between two groups was statistically difference (χ2=7.69， P=0.006). In 8 years of follow-up, the mortality rate in N/C > 2.0 group was higher than that in N/C 1.4~2.0 group, and the difference was statistically different (χ2=6.993, P=0.008). Conclusions　The treatment efficiency was lower and the prognosis was worse when the N/C value was higher in children with NVM.