Abstract: Retrovirus (RV), a major pathogen in acute gastroenteritis in children that may lead to severe disease and heavy burdens on national economy. There is no specific drug treatment for the gastroenteritis caused by RV, and vaccine has been identified as the most effective intervention to control the associated disease burden. The RV vaccine showed differential effects on different RV infection. In China, epidemiology of RV is more complex hence demands more epidemiologic studies. In this article, we will review the epidemiology of RV in China and further discuss the importance of generalized RV vaccine.