目的　探讨儿童支原体肺炎合并肺栓塞的临床诊断和治疗。方法　回顾分析1例支原体肺炎合并肺栓塞患 儿的临床资料。结果　女性患儿，10岁，以咳嗽、发热、气促为主要表现。肺炎支原体抗体滴度1:320，抗心磷脂抗体IgM 阳性，D-二聚体42.4 μg/mL。CT肺动脉造影提示肺动脉栓塞。确诊为支原体肺炎、肺栓塞后，予以阿奇霉素抗感染、华法 林及低分子肝素钙抗凝、改善循环、雾化祛痰等治疗。经3个月抗凝治疗后，患儿肺栓塞治愈。结论　对于呼吸困难、胸痛， 并伴有抗心磷脂抗体阳性、D-二聚体升高等的支原体肺炎患儿应考虑肺栓塞可能，及时完善肺动脉CT造影以明确诊断。

　Objective　To explore the clinical diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated with pulmonary embolism in children. Method　The clinical data of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated with pulmonary embolism in a child were retrospectively analyzed. Results　A 10-year-old female patient presented with cough, fever and tachypnea. The titer of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody was 1:320, the anti-cardiolipin antibody IgM was positive, and the D-dimer level was 42.4 μg/mL. CT pulmonary angiography suggested a pulmonary embolism. After the diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia and pulmonary embolism, azithromycin was given for anti-infection, warfarin and low molecular weight heparin calcium were given for anticoagulation and circulation improvement, atomization technique was given to eliminate phlegm. After 3 months of anticoagulation therapy, pulmonary embolism was cured. Conclusions　If the child with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia has dyspnea and chest pain accompanied by positive anti-cardiolipin antibody and increased D-dimer, pulmonary embolism should be considered and pulmonary artery CT angiography should be timely performed to make a clear diagnosis.