近年来，全球食物过敏的发病率大幅上升，食物过敏已成为全球性公共卫生问题。多项研究表明，肠道菌群 结构和功能变化与机体食物过敏的发生密切相关；肠道菌群还可通过调节免疫平衡、维持肠黏膜屏障功能促进机体免疫 耐受形成。现阶段，益生菌作为微生态制剂可调节肠道菌群结构，在食物过敏中的应用受到广泛关注。文章阐述肠道菌群 与儿童食物过敏发生之间的关系。

Food allergy prevalence has been rising substantially in recent decades, it has became a global public health problem. Multiple studies suggest that changes in the structure and function of the gut microbiota are closely related to the occurrence of food allergy. Gut microbiota can promote the immune tolerance by regulating immune balance and maintaining the intestinal mucosal barrier function. Now, probiotics, as microecological agents, which can regulate the structure of gut microbiota has received extensive concerns for the application in food allergy. The article reviews the relationship between gut microbiota and food allergy in children, in order to provide new strategies for the prevention and treatment of food allergy in children.