产前影像学技术、分子遗传诊断技术及宫内治疗技术的快速发展，胎儿医学迎来了新的发展机遇与挑战。为高危胎儿提供精准的产前诊断、遗传咨询、预后评估，在确保孕产妇安全的前提下，围绕患病胎儿及孕妇制定产前-产时-产后一体化全流程的管理方案，可提高患儿出生后的生命质量。文章就儿科专家参与的胎儿结构及发育异常两种多学科诊疗模式进行分析，指出现存的问题并提出推动国内胎儿专病诊疗的高质量发展的建议。

With the development of prenatal imaging, molecular genetic diagnosis and intrauterine therapy, fetal medicine has faced new opportunities and challenges. To provide accurate prenatal diagnosis, genetic counseling and prognosis assessment for high-risk fetuses, and to develop a whole-process management plan of antenatal, perinatal and postnatal integration around sick fetuses and pregnant women on the premise of ensuring the safety of pregnant women, can improve the quality of life of children after birth. This paper analyzed two multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment modes involving pediatric experts, fetal structure and developmental abnormalities, points out the existing problems and puts forward some suggestions to promote the high-quality development of fetal special disease diagnosis and treatment in China.