目的 探讨儿童原发性肾病综合征并发血栓栓塞的危险因素。方法 回顾分析238例原发性肾病综合征患 儿的临床资料，根据有无发生血栓栓塞分为栓塞组和非栓塞组，进行单因素及logistic回归分析。结果 238例患儿中， 32例并发血栓栓塞，发生率为13.44%。单因素分析显示，栓塞组和非栓塞组之间，感染、利尿剂使用、水肿程度、白细胞 计数、IgG、补体C3、总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮、血浆纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体、抗凝血酶Ⅲ、24 h尿蛋白定量的差异有统计 学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；多因素分析显示，D-二聚体和24 h尿蛋白定量是儿童原发性肾病综合征并发血栓栓塞的独立危险 因素。结论　D-二聚体浓度增高和24 h尿蛋白定量高是儿童原发性肾病综合征并发血栓栓塞的危险因素。

Objective To explore the risk factors of primary nephritic syndrome complicated with thrombosis in children. Methods Clinical data of 238 children with primary nephritic syndrome were retrospectively analyzed. The children were divided into thrombosis group and non-thrombosis group according to whether complicated with thromboembolism. Univariate and logistic regression analysis were performed. Results Among 238 children, there were 32 cases of primary nephritic syndrome complicated with thrombosis and the rate was 13.44%. Univariate analysis showed that infections, the use of diuretic, degree of edema, white blood cell count, IgG, C3, total protein, albumin, urea nitrogen, plasma fibrinogen, D-dimer, antithrombin Ⅲ, and 24-hour proteinuria were significantly different between two groups (all P ＜ 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that D-dimer and 24-hour proteinuria were the independent risk factors for children with primary nephrotic syndrome complicated with thrombosis. Conclusion The elvated level of D-dimer and 24-hour proteinuria were the risk factors of children with primary nephrotic syndrome complicated with thrombosis.