Abstract: Objectives　To explore the neuropathological characteristics of children with temporal intractable epilepsy. Methods　A retrospective analysis of the pathological characteristics was conducted in 38 children who underwent epilepsy surgery from December 2011 to December 2013. Results　Among 38 patients, aged 2.5-14 years, 21 boys and 17 girls, 21 cases had focal cortical dysplasia (FCD), 1 case had FCDⅠa, 2 cases had FCDⅠb, 1 case had FCDⅡa, 3 cases had FCDⅡb, 5 cases had CDⅢa, 1 case had FCDⅢb, 1 case had FCDⅢc, 6 cases had FCDⅢd. Three cases had microdysgenesis, 3 cases had simple hippocampal sclerosis, 7 cases had neoplasms, 5 cases had dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, 2 cases had astroglioma, 2 cases had encephalitis, 2 cases had arachnoid cyst. Conclusions　FCD is the most common form that causes temporal lobe intractable epilepsy in children. FCDIIId is the most common subtype in FCD.