儿童急性上呼吸道感染疗效评价量表的研究进展

doi:10.12372/jcp.2026.25e0617

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

急性上呼吸道感染（上感）是儿童最常见的感染性疾病，但是对于症状的标准化评价方法却未得到必要的重视。标准化评价在评估疾病自然病史以及药物疗效，尤其在临床试验中具有重要作用。目前，在关于儿童上感的临床试验中多采用未经证实的主观症状评分表，或辅以中医自拟证候量表，其科学性有限，不同研究间缺乏可比性。本文系统检索并比较4种已验证的儿童上感疗效评价量表，分析其结构、信效度和适用场景，为研究者与临床医师选择评价指标提供循证依据。本文同时指出，中医药研究仍依赖缺乏统一标准的证候评分，建议未来整合中西医评价框架，开发分年龄段、多维度的儿童上感疗效评价系统，以提升研究的规范性与临床应用价值。

关键词: 急性上呼吸道感染, 疗效评价量表, 中西医结合, 儿童

Abstract:

Acute upper respiratory tract infection (AURI) is the most prevalent infectious disease among children. However, standardized methods for evaluating symptoms have not garnered the necessary attention. Standardized assessment plays a pivotal role in evaluating the natural history of diseases and the efficacy of medications, particularly in clinical trials. Currently, in clinical trials focusing on pediatric AURI, unverified subjective symptom rating scales or self-developed Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scales are frequently employed. These tools exhibit limited scientific validity and lack comparability across different studies. This article systematically reviews and compares four validated efficacy assessment scales for pediatric AURI, analyzing their structural frameworks, reliability, validity, and applicable scenarios, thereby providing evidence-based guidance for researchers and clinicians in selecting evaluation indicators. Additionally, this paper notes that TCM research still relies on syndrome rating scales without unified standards. It is proposed that future efforts should integrate evaluation frameworks from both TCM and Western medicine, and develop age-specific, multi-dimensional efficacy evaluation systems for pediatric AURI, with the aim of enhancing the standardization and clinical application value of related research.

Key words: acute upper respiratory tract infection, efficacy evaluation scale, integration of traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, child

中图分类号:

梁浩东, 郭圣璇, 胡思源, 卢宣君, 张云涵, 许晨霞. 儿童急性上呼吸道感染疗效评价量表的研究进展[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2026, 44(2): 161-166.

LIANG Haodong, GUO Shengxuan, HU Siyuan, LU Xuanjun, ZHANG Yunhan, XU Chenxia. Research progress of the symptom scale for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children[J]. Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, 2026, 44(2): 161-166.

图/表 1

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项目	CARIFS	WURSS-K	PRSS	CCSQ
评价维度	症状、功能、家长影响	症状、功能	症状	症状
主要评价内容	呼吸道症状及全身症状	呼吸道症状及全身症状	呼吸道症状	鼻咽部症状
适用年龄	0~12岁	4~10岁	0~3岁	6~11岁
疾病范围	ARI（包括流感）	ARI	ARI	普通感冒