Abstract:

Testicular microlithiasis (TML) is a relatively rare disease associated with testicular tumors and male infertility. The incidence of TML is on the rise, peaking around the age of 11 years old. While the etiology and pathogenesis remain to be fully elucidated, and its occurrence is related to testicular injury, genetic predisposition, infections, dietary habits, lifestyle choices, and underlying medical conditions. Ultrasoundimaging serves as the primary diagnostic tool for TML, playing a crucial role in its classification and grading. The treatment of TML is mainly management of these complications. Children with TML who have a history of germ cell tumors, undescended testes, post-orchiopexy, testicular atrophy with a volume of less than 12 mL, a family history of germ cell tumors, or related genetic disorders require close observation and should be promptly referred to specialists upon detection of any abnormalities. Furthermore, cases exhibiting focal lesions or significant calcifications on ultrasound warrant immediate referral to specialists.

Key words: testicular microlithiasis, testicular tumors, infertility, child