Abstract:

Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease, which is characterized by non-specific airway inflammation, airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness. For many years, the pathogenesis of asthma has mainly focused on immune imbalance caused by allergic reaction, but in recent years, attention has been paid to the role and mechanism of airway epithelial injury in the occurrence and development of asthma, which may be a key factor in the pathogenesis and control of asthma. Airway epithelium is the first barrier of human respiratory system to resist the harmful stimulation of external environment, and it is also the most important structural cell of airway. When asthma patients inhale harmful substances and allergens, airway epithelial cells are first invaded and damaged, and a variety of inflammatory mediators and cytokines are synthesized and released to activate immune cells, inducing the occurrence and development of asthma. This paper aims to review the pathogenesis of airway epithelial injury in asthma, the pathological changes of airway epithelial in asthma patients and its key cytokines, in order to find potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and provide basis for early prediction and accurate prevention and treatment of asthma.

Key words: asthma, airway epithelial cell, cytokine