汞暴露对儿童免疫系统影响的研究进展

doi:10.12372/jcp.2025.24e1368

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

汞（Hg）是一种严重危害儿童健康的重金属。汞会对神经系统造成不可逆损伤，其机制已得到了广泛研究。但是，汞暴露对免疫系统产生的影响却研究甚少。本文综述了不同形态汞的免疫毒性及其毒理机制，探讨了免疫细胞、免疫球蛋白和细胞因子等汞暴露损害免疫功能的不同途径，以及汞暴露与儿童自身免疫性疾病及癌症发生之间存在的相关性。营养素如硒和维生素E可能对于汞暴露具有保护作用。迄今，汞的免疫毒性机制尚未完全明确，未来需更多标准化研究以阐明其影响及干预策略。

关键词: 甲基汞, 汞暴露, 免疫毒性, 儿童

Abstract:

Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal that poses severe health risks to children. Mercury can cause irreversible damage to the nervous system, and its mechanisms have been extensively studied. However, the effects of mercury exposure on the immune system remain poorly understood. This review synthesizes the immunotoxicity of different forms of mercury and heir associated toxicological mechanisms,elucidating the multiple pathways by which mercury exposure impairs immune function, including its impact on immune cells, immunoglobulins, and cytokines. Additionally, this article examines the potential correlations between mercury exposure and childhood autoimmune diseases as well as cancer. Nutrients such as selenium and vitamin E may offer protective effects against mercury exposure. Despite these findings, the precise immunotoxicity mechanisms of mercury remain unclear, underscoring the need for further standardized research to delineate its effects and develop effective intervention strategies.

Key words: methyl-mercury, mercury exposure, immunologic effect, child

中图分类号:

崔欣怡, 颜崇淮. 汞暴露对儿童免疫系统影响的研究进展[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2025, 43(10): 792-797.

CUI Xinyi, YAN Chonghuai. Research progress of the effects of mercury exposure on the immune system in children[J]. Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, 2025, 43(10): 792-797.

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