关键词: 先天性畸形, 出生缺陷, 胎儿, 外科

Abstract:

Congenital malformation is one of the main causes of death and congenital disability in infants and children, which seriously affects the survival and life quality of children. With the remarkable development of prenatal diagnostic techniques, such as medical imaging, clinical genetics, and molecular biology, more and more fetal congenital malformations can be screened and diagnosed during pregnancy. Some fetal congenital malformations deteriorate rapidly in utero, and there is a lack of effective treatment after birth, so the prognosis is poor. Intrauterine fetal therapy can prevent the irreversible damage or death caused by the deterioration of congenital malformation and create conditions for postpartum treatment. Accurate diagnosis and evaluation of congenital malformations, effective prevention and early intervention are expected to reduce mortality and improve the prognosis and the quality of life. In this paper, the development of diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine fetal congenital malformations, the concept of clinical diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine fetal structural malformations and the clinical application of common intrauterine fetal structural malformations will be elaborated in order to provide reference for clinical work.

Key words: congenital malformation, birth defect, fetal, surgery