哮喘儿童新冠期间使用生物制剂安全性及其对呼吸道病毒影响

doi:10.12372/jcp.2023.22e0758

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

呼吸道病毒感染是儿童支气管哮喘控制不佳和急性加重的重要危险因素。重症哮喘儿童对病毒更易感，感染后更易诱发急性发作。在对病毒的免疫反应过程中，固有免疫会被激活，从而产生大量的干扰素，这对机体抗病毒反应至关重要。与非哮喘人群相比，重症哮喘患儿接受生物制剂治疗后，感染新型冠状病毒或病情进展的风险并未增加。奥马珠单抗可增强机体抗病毒免疫应答作用，并减少哮喘儿童因病毒引起的季节性哮喘急性发作率。本文拟聚焦于新冠期间哮喘儿童使用生物制剂的安全性及其对呼吸道病毒的影响进行综述。

关键词: 儿童哮喘, 呼吸道病毒, 新型冠状病毒, 生物制剂, 单克隆抗体

Abstract:

Viral respiratory infections are recognized risk factors for the loss of control of allergic childhood asthma and exacerbations. Children with severe asthma are more susceptible to viruses and are more likely to induce acute exacerbations after infection. During the immune response to the virus, innate immunity is activated, resulting in the production of large amounts of interferon, which is essential for the antiviral response. Children with severe asthma aren’t at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or disease progression when treated with biologics compared to the non-asthmatic population. Omalizumab has been shown to enhance the body's antiviral immune response and to reduce the acute attack rate of virus-induced seasonal asthma in children with asthma. This review focuses on the safety of biologics used in children with asthma during COVID-19 and their effects on respiratory viruses.

Key words: childhood asthma, respiratory virus, SARS-CoV-2, biologics, monoclonal antibody

张东俊, 邵洁. 哮喘儿童新冠期间使用生物制剂安全性及其对呼吸道病毒影响[J]. 临床儿科杂志, 2023, 41(12): 955-960.

ZHANG Dongjun, SHAO Jie. Safety of biologics and its effects on respiratory viruses in children with asthma during COVID-19[J]. Journal of Clinical Pediatrics, 2023, 41(12): 955-960.

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